COVID-19 and stem cell transplantation; results from an EBMT and GETH multicenter prospective survey
Author:
Ljungman PerORCID, de la Camara RafaelORCID, Mikulska MalgorzataORCID, Tridello Gloria, Aguado Beatriz, Zahrani Mohsen AlORCID, Apperley Jane, Berceanu Ana, Bofarull Rodrigo Martino, Calbacho Maria, Ciceri Fabio, Lopez-Corral Lucia, Crippa Claudia, Fox Maria Laura, Grassi Anna, Jimenez Maria-Jose, Demir Safiye KoçuluORCID, Kwon MiORCID, Llamas Carlos Vallejo, Lorenzo José Luis López, Mielke Stephan, Orchard Kim, Porras Rocio Parody, Vallisa Daniele, Xhaard AlienorORCID, Knelange Nina Simone, Cedillo Angel, Kröger NicolausORCID, Piñana José LuisORCID, Styczynski JanORCID
Abstract
AbstractThis study reports on 382 COVID-19 patients having undergone allogeneic (n = 236) or autologous (n = 146) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) reported to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) or to the Spanish Group of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (GETH). The median age was 54.1 years (1.0–80.3) for allogeneic, and 60.6 years (7.7–81.6) for autologous HCT patients. The median time from HCT to COVID-19 was 15.8 months (0.2–292.7) in allogeneic and 24.6 months (−0.9 to 350.3) in autologous recipients. 83.5% developed lower respiratory tract disease and 22.5% were admitted to an ICU. Overall survival at 6 weeks from diagnosis was 77.9% and 72.1% in allogeneic and autologous recipients, respectively. Children had a survival of 93.4%. In multivariate analysis, older age (p = 0.02), need for ICU (p < 0.0001) and moderate/high immunodeficiency index (p = 0.04) increased the risk while better performance status (p = 0.001) decreased the risk for mortality. Other factors such as underlying diagnosis, time from HCT, GVHD, or ongoing immunosuppression did not significantly impact overall survival. We conclude that HCT patients are at high risk of developing LRTD, require admission to ICU, and have increased mortality in COVID-19.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Oncology,Cancer Research,Hematology
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