A Novel Population of α-Smooth Muscle Actin-Positive Cells Activated in a Rat Model of Stroke: An Analysis of the Spatio-Temporal Distribution in Response to Ischemia

Author:

Sharma Varun1,Ling Tina W1,Rewell Sarah S23,Hare David L12,Howells David W4,Kourakis Angela2,Wookey Peter J25

Affiliation:

1. Cardiology Department, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

2. Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

3. Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

4. National Stroke Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

5. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Abstract

In a rat model of stroke, the spatio-temporal distribution of α-smooth muscle actin-positive, (αSMA+) cells was investigated in the infarcted hemisphere (ipsilateral) and compared with the contralateral hemisphere. At day 3 postischemia, αSMA+ cells were concentrated in two main loci within the ipsilateral hemisphere (Area A) in the medial corpus callosum and (Area B) midway through the striatum adjacent to the lateral ventricle. By day 7 and further by day 14, fewer αSMA+ cells remained in Areas A and B but a steady increase in the peri-infarct was observed. αSMA+ cells also expressed glial acidic fibrillary protein [GFAP: αSMA+/GFAP+ (29%); αSMA+/GFAP– (71%) phenotypes] and feline leukemia virus C receptor 2 (FLVCR2), but not ED1(microglia) and established markers of pericytes normally located in vascular wall. αSMA+ cells were also located close to the subventricular zones (SVZ) adjacent to Areas A and B. In conclusion, αSMA + cells have been identified in a spatial and temporal sequence from the SVZ, at intermediate loci and in the vicinity of the peri-infarct. It is hypothesized that novel populations of αSMA+ precursors of pericytes are born on the SVZ, migrate into the peri-infarct region and are incorporated into new vessels of the peri-infarct regions.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Neurology (clinical),Neurology

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