Blockade of EIF5A hypusination limits colorectal cancer growth by inhibiting MYC elongation

Author:

Coni Sonia,Serrao Silvia Maria,Yurtsever Zuleyha Nihan,Di Magno Laura,Bordone Rosa,Bertani Camilla,Licursi Valerio,Ianniello Zaira,Infante Paola,Moretti MartaORCID,Petroni Marialaura,Guerrieri Francesca,Fatica Alessandro,Macone Alberto,De Smaele EnricoORCID,Di Marcotullio LuciaORCID,Giannini Giuseppe,Maroder Marella,Agostinelli Enzo,Canettieri Gianluca

Abstract

ABSTRACTEukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5A (EIF5A) is a translation factor regulated by hypusination, a unique posttranslational modification catalyzed by deoxyhypusine synthetase (DHPS) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH) starting from the polyamine spermidine. Emerging data are showing that hypusinated EIF5A regulates key cellular processes such as autophagy, senescence, polyamine homeostasis, energy metabolism, and plays a role in cancer. However, the effects of EIF5A inhibition in preclinical cancer models, the mechanism of action, and specific translational targets are still poorly understood. We show here that hypusinated EIF5A promotes growth of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by directly regulating MYC biosynthesis at specific pausing motifs. Inhibition of EIF5A hypusination with the DHPS inhibitor GC7 or through lentiviral-mediated knockdown of DHPS or EIF5A reduces the growth of various CRC cells. Multiplex gene expression analysis reveals that inhibition of hypusination impairs the expression of transcripts regulated by MYC, suggesting the involvement of this oncogene in the observed effect. Indeed, we demonstrate that EIF5A regulates MYC elongation without affecting its mRNA content or protein stability, by alleviating ribosome stalling at five distinct pausing motifs in MYC CDS. Of note, we show that blockade of the hypusination axis elicits a remarkable growth inhibitory effect in preclinical models of CRC and significantly reduces the size of polyps in APCMin/+ mice, a model of human familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Together, these data illustrate an unprecedented mechanism, whereby the tumor-promoting properties of hypusinated EIF5A are linked to its ability to regulate MYC elongation and provide a rationale for the use of DHPS/EIF5A inhibitors in CRC therapy.

Funder

Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti

Sapienza Università di Roma

Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro

AFM-Téléthon

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Cancer Research,Cell Biology,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Immunology

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