Roles and mechanisms of exosomal non-coding RNAs in human health and diseases

Author:

Li Chen,Ni Yu-Qing,Xu Hui,Xiang Qun-Yan,Zhao Yan,Zhan Jun-Kun,He Jie-Yu,Li Shuang,Liu You-ShuoORCID

Abstract

AbstractExosomes play a role as mediators of cell-to-cell communication, thus exhibiting pleiotropic activities to homeostasis regulation. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are closely related to a variety of biological and functional aspects of human health. When the exosomal ncRNAs undergo tissue-specific changes due to diverse internal or external disorders, they can cause tissue dysfunction, aging, and diseases. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms of exosomes in human diseases. In addition, we explore the current knowledge on the roles of exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in human health and diseases, including cancers, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases, to determine their potential implication in biomarker identification and therapeutic exploration.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Fundamental Research Funds For the Central Universities of Central South University

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Cancer Research,Genetics

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