Retrospective analysis of polyps detected in colonoscopy and investigation of the relationship with anemia

Abstract

Aims: Patients with colonic polyps are generally asymptomatic. On the other hand, colon polyps are considered as colorectal cancer progenitors. In this study, we aimed to present the retrospective analysis of colon polyps detected in a gastroenterology unit within one year and the relationship between polyp features and anemia. Methods: Patients with colon polyps who applied to our center between January 2015- January 2016 and underwent colonoscopy were included in the study. Polyps were grouped and compared as 1,2,3 and ≥4 according to their number; as hyperplastic, tubular, tubulovillous and villous according to their histopathological type; as ≤6 mm, 7-10 mm and ≥11 mm according to their size; as proximal, distal and proximal+distal according to their location. Results: A total of 350 patients were recruited for the study, The median age of the study group was 60 years (54-65 years), of which 180 (51.4%) were male. The mean hemoglobin value was 12.82±1.90 g/dl. More than half of the patients (n=166, 52.5%) had single polyp. The most common type of polyp was tubular polyp (n=203, 55%). The majority of the polyps (63%) were smaller than 6 mm in size and the vast majority (47.2%) were located distally. When the polyp size and polyp types were compared, it was found that the incidence of tubulovillous pathology increased as the polyp size increased (p<0.001 for all comprasions). A positive, linear significant correlation was found between age and the number of polyps (r=0.209; p<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between hemoglobin value according to polyp sizes (p<0.001). Conclusion: We demonstrated that the number of polyps increased with age, and the incidence of tubulovillous pathology and the depth of anemia increased as the size of the polyp increased.