Study of the optimum ideal protein level for weaned piglets

Abstract

The amount of ideal protein, represented by the first limiting valine (Val), for optimising the growth performances of weaned hybrid piglets was studied. Feeds were formulated based on the ideal protein concept and on a constant essential/nonessential amino acid (AA) ratio and net energy (NE) level. The animal performance trial was composed of five dietary treatments ranging from 0.57 to 0.81% calculated apparent (app.) ileal (il.) digestible (dig.) Val. The piglets, male and female in equal numbers (11 replicates × 6 piglets/pen × 5 treatments) entered the trial at about 4 weeks old (average live weight 8.1 kg). The piglets were a cross product of Piétrain sire × hybrid dam. Feed intake and weight were recorded every two weeks until the end of the trial at 10 weeks of age (average live weight 20.6 kg). The requirement was expressed in st. il. dig. AA‐units, as this unit approaches available AA better than app. il. dig. AA. The standardised (st.) il. AA digestibility coefficients (DCAA) were determined for two feeds, close to the animal performance optima, in a digestion trial with four T‐cannulated piglets of approximately 6 weeks old. The feed independent endogenous nitrogen excretion was measured with a protein‐free feed; although this technique underestimates the actual endogenous N‐losses, it provides a reasonable estimate of basal endogenous N‐losses. The determined st. il. DCAA were lower than the calculated st. il. DCAA, based on the CVB (2000); this might be linked to the higher than expected crude fibre content of the experimental feeds. The Val‐requirement necessary to optimise ADG and FCR was similar and amounted 0.70% st. il. dig. Val, which corresponded with a st. il. dig. Lys‐level of 1.03%.