1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3. Center for Combustion Energy, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy Innovation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
4. Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.