Interspecific host competition and parasite virulence evolution

Author:

Hasik Adam Z.1ORCID,King Kayla C.2ORCID,Hawlena Hadas3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Jacob Blaustein Center for Scientific Cooperation, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8499000 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel

2. Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK

3. Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 849900 Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel

Abstract

Virulence, the harm to hosts caused by parasite infection, can be selected for by several ecological factors acting synergistically or antagonistically. Here, we focus on the potential for interspecific host competition to shape virulence through such a network of effects. We first summarize how host natural mortality, body mass changes, population density and community diversity affect virulence evolution. We then introduce an initial conceptual framework highlighting how these host factors, which change during host competition, may drive virulence evolution via impacts on life-history trade-offs. We argue that the multi-faceted nature of both interspecific host competition and virulence evolution still requires consideration and experimentation to disentangle contrasting mechanisms. It also necessitates a differential treatment for parasites with various transmission strategies. However, such a comprehensive approach focusing on the role of interspecific host competition is essential to understand the processes driving the evolution of virulence in a tangled bank.

Funder

Zuckerman STEM Leadership Program

H2020 European Research Council

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)

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