Evaluation of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation on Smokers and Non-Smokers with Periodontitis

Abstract

Objevtive: In this study, we aimed to evaluate neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) in smoker and non-smoker periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: 21 subjects [non-smokers and periodontally healthy (S-P-) 7 people, non-smokers with periodontitis (S-P+) 7 people, smokers with periodontitis (S+P+) 7 people] were included in this study. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) parameters were recorded. The peripheral neutrophils isolated from the subjects were activated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to induce NET formation. NET formed after the activation was measured with the fluorometer. Results: In the S-P- group PI, GI, PD and CAL values were found statistically significantly low (P=0,001; P=<0,001; P=0,003; P=<0,001, respectively). When compared to S+P+ group PMN counts were found low, but this difference was statistically at the border (P=0,05). When compared NET count values, it was the highest in the S+P+ group. When S-P- group and S+P+ group were compared, this difference was statistically significant (P=0,003); but between S-P+ and S+P+ groups, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). NET count with PI, GI, PD, there was mild positive; with CAL strong positive relation has been found. Conclusion: As a result, even the S+P+ group NET count was found higher, the difference of S-P+ and S+P+ groups was not statistically significant. There is need more researches about smoking effect on NET formation in patients with periodontitis.