Gold nanoparticles enhance the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into dopaminergic neurons via mTOR/p70S6K pathway

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into dopaminergic (DA) neurons and explore the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. Materials & methods: The efficiency of AuNPs on DA neuron differentiation was evaluated by observing fluorescence in TH promoter-engineered GFP-reporter ESCs, western blot and real-time PCR. The possible signal pathway was determined by western blot. Results: Compared with feeder-free control condition, AuNPs are able to enhance fate specification of ESCs into DA neurons. Moreover, mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway was found involving in this AuNPs-mediated DA neuron differentiation. Conclusion: Our findings may lead future insight investigation into the underlying mechanisms and potential application of AuNPs in stem cell research.