Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, epigenetic age and DNA methylation: a cross-sectional study of firefighters

Author:

Goodrich Jaclyn M1ORCID,Calkins Miriam M2,Caban-Martinez Alberto J3ORCID,Stueckle Todd4,Grant Casey5,Calafat Antonia M6,Nematollahi Amy7,Jung Alesia M8,Graber Judith M9,Jenkins Timothy10,Slitt Angela L11,Dewald Alisa1,Cook Botelho Julianne6,Beitel Shawn7,Littau Sally7,Gulotta John12,Wallentine Darin12,Hughes Jeff13,Popp Charles14,Burgess Jefferey L7

Affiliation:

1. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

2. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA

3. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA

4. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA

5. Fire Protection Research Foundation, Quincy, MA 02169, USA

6. National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA

7. Department of Community, Environment & Policy, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA

8. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA

9. Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA

10. Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA

11. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI 02881, USA

12. Tucson Fire Department, Tucson, AZ 85701, USA

13. Orange County Fire Authority, Irvine, CA 92602, USA

14. Boston Fire Department, Boston, MA 02118, USA

Abstract

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent chemicals that firefighters encounter. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, could serve as PFASs toxicity biomarkers. Methods: With a sample size of 197 firefighters, we quantified the serum concentrations of nine PFASs, blood leukocyte DNA methylation and epigenetic age indicators via the EPIC array. We examined the associations between PFASs with epigenetic age, site- and region-specific DNA methylation, adjusting for confounders. Results: Perfluorohexane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and the sum of branched isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonate (Sm-PFOS) were associated with accelerated epigenetic age. Branched PFOA, linear PFOS, perfluorononanoate, perfluorodecanoate and perfluoroundecanoate were associated with differentially methylated loci and regions. Conclusion: PFASs concentrations are associated with accelerated epigenetic age and locus-specific DNA methylation. The implications for PFASs toxicity merit further investigation.

Funder

Federal Emergency Management Agency

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

Publisher

Future Medicine Ltd

Subject

Cancer Research,Genetics

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