Caveolák szerepe a szürke hályog képződésében: humán szemlencse epithelsejtjeinek vizsgálata

Abstract

Abstract: Inrtoduction: Caveolae are flask shaped with 50–100 nm size, non-clathrin associated invaginations of the plasmamembrane. The main membrane protein of the structures is caveolin-1. Caveolae play an important role in numerous cellular functions including vesicular transport and cell-cycle regulation, and create platforms for classical and alternative signaling pathways. According to international studies, caveolae may influence the physiology and pathology of lens epithelial cells. Aim: The aim of the study was to examine and compare the morphology of caveolae and the immunohistochemical difference of caveolin-1 in control (myopic and hyperopic) lens epithelial cells and human lens epithelial cells affected by cataract. Authors investigated whether caveolae might have a role in cataractogenesis. Method: Anterior lens capsules were obtained by capsulorhexis during surgery of senile cataract and refractive surgery of the clear lens. Ultra-fine sections have been studied by transmission electron microscopy, and semi-fine samples were labelled for immunohistochemistry with polyclonal caveolin-1 and cavin-1 antibodies. Results: By immunohistochemistry, in the control group, significant caveolin-1 label with low cavin-1 signal were measured in the lens epithelial cells. In the cataract group high cavin-1 and caveolin-1 expression was detected. In the control group, caveolae were not observed, but in the lens epithelial cells with cataract, increased number of caveolae have been detected by electron microscopy. Conclusions: For the development and maintenance of the specific caveolae shape, caveolin-1 is needed to be accompanied by cavin-1. Therefore, it is presumable that the increased expression of cavin-1 could explain the higher number of caveolae in the cataract group. These results might suggest that caveolae might play a role in cataractogenesis. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(8): 300–308.