Integrating the exposome and one health approach to national health surveillance: an opportunity for Latin American countries in health preventive management

Abstract

The exposome approach, emphasizing lifelong environmental exposures, is a holistic framework exploring the intricate interplay between genetics and the environment in shaping health outcomes. Complementing this, the one health approach recognizes the interconnectedness of human and ecological health within a shared ecosystem, extending to planetary health, which encompasses the entire planet. Integrating Disease Surveillance Systems with exposome, one health, and planetary health signifies a paradigm shift in health management, fostering a comprehensive public health framework. This publication advocates for combining traditional health surveillance with exposome and one health/planetary health approach, proposing a three-step approach: ecological analysis, territorial intervention in identified issues, and an analytical phase for assessing interventions. Particularly relevant for Latin American countries facing a double burden of diseases, integrating the exposome into traditional health surveillance proves cost-effective by leveraging existing data and environmental measurements. In conclusion, the integration of exposome and one health approaches into traditional health surveillance presents a robust framework for monitoring population health, especially in regions like Latin America with complex health challenges. This innovative approach enables tailored interventions, disease outbreak predictions, and a holistic understanding of the intricate links between human health and the environment, offering substantial benefits for public health and disease prevention despite existing challenges.