Obinutuzumab plus chlorambucil versus ibrutinib in previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients without TP53 disruptions: A real-life CLL campus study

Author:

Visentin Andrea,Mauro Francesca Romana,Catania Gioachino,Fresa Alberto,Vitale Candida,Sanna Alessandro,Mattiello Veronica,Cibien Francesca,Sportoletti Paolo,Gentile Massimo,Rigolin Gian Matteo,Quaglia Francesca Maria,Murru Roberta,Gozzetti Alessandro,Molica Stefano,Marchetti Monia,Pravato Stefano,Angotzi Francesco,Cellini Alessandro,Scarfò Lydia,Reda Gianluigi,Coscia Marta,Laurenti Luca,Ghia Paolo,Foà Robin,Cuneo Antonio,Trentin Livio

Abstract

One of the main issues in the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) deals with the choice between continuous or fixed-duration therapy. Continuous ibrutinib (IB), the first-in-class BTK inhibitor, and obinutuzumab-chlorambucil (G-CHL) are commonly used therapies for elderly and/or comorbid patients. No head-to-head comparison has been carried out. Within the Italian campus CLL network, we performed a retrospective study on CLL patients without TP53 disruption treated with IB or G-CHL as first-line therapy. Patients in the G-CHL arm had a higher CIRS score and the worst renal function. The overall response rates between the G-CHL and IB arms were similar, but more complete remissions (CRs) were achieved with G-CHL (p = 0.0029). After a median follow-up of 30 months, the progression-free survival (PFS, p = 0.0061) and time to next treatment (TTNT, p = 0.0043), but not overall survival (OS, p = 0.6642), were better with IB than with G-CHL. Similar results were found after propensity score matching and multivariate analysis. While PFS and TTNT were longer with IB than with G-CHL in IGHV unmutated patients (p = 0.0190 and 0.0137), they were superimposable for IGHV mutated patients (p = 0.1900 and 0.1380). In the G-CHL arm, the depth of response (79% vs. 68% vs. 38% for CR, PR and SD/PD; p < 0.0001) and measurable residual disease (MRD) influenced PFS (78% vs. 53% for undetectable MRD vs. detectable MRD, p = 0.0203). Hematological toxicities were common in the G-CHL arm, while IB was associated with higher costs. Although continuous IB provides better disease control in CLL, IGHV mutated patients and those achieving an undetectable MRD show a marked clinical and economic benefit from a fixed-duration obinutuzumab-based treatment.

Funder

Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro

Publisher

Frontiers Media SA

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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