Accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for detecting extracapsular extension in prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for detecting extracapsular extension (ECE) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Methods and materials: We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library up to December 2018. We included studies that used mpMRI to differentiate ECE from organ-confined PCa with a combination of T2 weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. All studies included had pathological diagnosis with radical prostatectomy. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of included studies by using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. We calculated pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, diagnostic odds ratios and receiver operating characteristic curve for mpMRI from 2 × 2 tables. Results: A total of 17 studies that comprised 3374 participants were included. The pooled data showed a sensitivity of 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.43, 0.66]) and specificity of 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.82, 0.91) for extracapsular extension detection in PCa. Conclusion: First, our meta-analysis shows moderate sensitivity and high specificity for mpMRI to differentiate ECE from organ-confined prostate cancer before surgery. Second, our meta-analysis shows that mpMRI had no significant differences in performance compared with the former meta-analysis with use of T2WI alone or with additional functional MRI. Advances in knowledge: It is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of mpMRI in combination of TWI, diffusion-weightedimaging and dynamiccontrast-enhanced-MRI for extracapsular extension detection.