From Inception to Innovation: A Comprehensive Review and Bibliometric Analysis of IoT-Enabled Fire Safety Systems

Abstract

This paper offers an in-depth analysis of the role of the Internet of Things (IoT) in fire safety systems, with a particular emphasis on fire detection, localization, and evacuation. Through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis, we identify pivotal research trends and advancements in IoT-based sensors, devices, and network architectures that facilitate real-time fire management. In addition, we examine the integration of emerging technologies—such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and quantum computing—that enhance system performance and operational efficiency. Our study further highlights critical challenges and research gaps, including issues related to dynamic system adaptability, cross-domain synergies, bio-inspired fire safety mechanisms, post-fire analysis capabilities, linguistic and cultural barriers in research, and data security and privacy concerns. Finally, we outline prospective directions for future inquiry, underscoring the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and robust cybersecurity strategies to fully harness the potential of IoT in transforming fire safety.