Factors Associated with the Extent of Clinical Attachment Loss in Periodontitis: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

Author:

Lafaurie Gloria Inés1,Sabogal María Alejandra1,Contreras Adolfo2,Castillo Diana Marcela1ORCID,Gualtero Diego Fernando1,Avila Juliette De1ORCID,Trujillo Tamy Goretty1,Duque Andrés3,Giraldo Astrid3,Duarte Silvia4,Gutierrez Sonia Jakeline2ORCID,Ardila Carlos Martín5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogota 11001, Colombia

2. Periodontal Medicine Group, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760042, Colombia

3. Research Group in Basic Sciences and Clinical Dentistry, CES University, Medellin 050021, Colombia

4. Dental Research Center-CIO, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110311, Colombia

5. Biomedical Stomatology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin 050010, Colombia

Abstract

Periodontitis has significant public health implications, affecting individuals’ overall health, well-being, and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with the extent of clinical attachment loss (CAL) in a population diagnosed with periodontitis. Six hundred and sixty-seven patients with different degrees of CAL (mild, n = 223; moderate, n = 256; and advanced, n = 188) were enrolled. Socio-demographics, lifestyle, microbiological profiles, specific immune response, obesity, and single-nucleotide polymorphism of the IL1 gene were determined. Unconditional logistic regression models were conducted to determine the factors associated with the extent of CAL. Aging, smoking, microbial factors, plaque index, and IgG2 antibodies against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were associated with advanced CAL. IgG2 antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans (OR 1.50; CI 95% 1.23–1.81), plaque accumulation (OR 2.69; CI 95% 2.20–3.29), Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR 1.93; CI 95% 1.35–2.76), Tanerella forsythia (OR 1.88; CI 95%1.30–2.70), and current smoking (OR 1.94; CI 95% 1.31–2.87) were associated with advanced CAL. Gene IL polymorphisms, obesity, and stress were not associated with the extent of CAL. Aging, plaque accumulation, smoking, and having antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans were the most critical factors associated with advanced CAL. In contrast, obesity, stress, and gene polymorphisms were not associated with the extent of CAL.

Funder

Institute of Science and Technology, Francisco José de Caldas-COLCIENCIAS

participant Universities

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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