Advancements in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Imaging and Future Frontiers-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Advancements in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Imaging and Future Frontiers

Published:2024-06-02 Issue:11 Volume:13 Page:3281
ISSN:2077-0383
Container-title:Journal of Clinical Medicine
language:en
Short-container-title:JCM

Author:

Asmundo Luigi¹²^ORCID,Rizzetto Francesco¹³^ORCID,Blake Michael²,Anderson Mark²^ORCID,Mojtahed Amirkasra²,Bradley William²,Shenoy-Bhangle Anuradha²,Fernandez-del Castillo Carlos⁴,Qadan Motaz⁴^ORCID,Ferrone Cristina⁵,Clark Jeffrey⁶,Ambrosini Valentina⁷⁸^ORCID,Picchio Maria⁹^ORCID,Mapelli Paola⁹,Evangelista Laura¹⁰^ORCID,Leithner Doris¹¹,Nikolaou Konstantin¹²^ORCID,Ursprung Stephan¹²,Fanti Stefano⁷⁸^ORCID,Vanzulli Angelo³¹³^ORCID,Catalano Onofrio Antonio²^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy

2. Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA

3. Department of Radiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milan, Italy

4. Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA

5. Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA

6. Department of Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA

7. Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy

8. Nuclear Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy

9. Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy

10. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy

11. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

12. Department of Radiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany

13. Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy

Abstract

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a diverse group of tumors with varying clinical behaviors. Their incidence has risen due to increased awareness, improved diagnostics, and aging populations. The 2019 World Health Organization classification emphasizes integrating radiology and histopathology to characterize NENs and create personalized treatment plans. Imaging methods like CT, MRI, and PET/CT are crucial for detection, staging, treatment planning, and monitoring, but each of them poses different interpretative challenges and none are immune to pitfalls. Treatment options include surgery, targeted therapies, and chemotherapy, based on the tumor type, stage, and patient-specific factors. This review aims to provide insights into the latest developments and challenges in NEN imaging, diagnosis, and management.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Link

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/11/3281/pdf

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