Probing Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes Using Raman Spectroscopy

Author:

Jafari Abdolabbas1ORCID,Seth Kritarth2,Werner Armin1,Shi Shengjing2,Hofmann Rainer3,Hoyos-Villegas Valerio4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Lincoln Agritech, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand

2. AgResearch, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand

3. Plant Biology Department, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand

4. Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada

Abstract

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by symbiotic bacteria plays a vital role in sustainable agriculture. However, current quantification methods are often expensive and impractical. This study explores the potential of Raman spectroscopy, a non-invasive technique, for rapid assessment of BNF activity in soybeans. Raman spectra were obtained from soybean plants grown with and without rhizobia bacteria to identify spectral signatures associated with BNF. δN15 isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) was used to determine actual BNF percentages. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was employed to develop a model for BNF quantification based on Raman spectra. The model explained 80% of the variation in BNF activity. To enhance the model’s specificity for BNF detection regardless of nitrogen availability, a subsequent elastic net (Enet) regularisation strategy was implemented. This approach provided insights into key wavenumbers and biochemicals associated with BNF in soybeans.

Funder

New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment

Publisher

MDPI AG

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