Evaluating the Asymmetry of Muscle Activation and Strength in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes

Author:

Santos Leonardo dos12ORCID,Aidar Felipe J.1234ORCID,Souza Rafael Luiz Mesquita24,de Matos Dihogo Gama5,Cataldi Stefania6ORCID,Greco Gianpiero6ORCID,Getirana-Mota Márcio124ORCID,Marçal Anderson Carlos12,Souza Lucio Marques Vieira1ORCID,Santos Jymmys Lopes dos1,Almeida-Neto Paulo Francisco de7ORCID,Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco7ORCID,Badicu Georgian8ORCID,Nobari Hadi9ORCID,Souza Raphael Frabrício de123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil

2. Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil

3. Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil

4. Graduate Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil

5. Cardiovascular & Physiology of Exercise Laboratory, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada

6. Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy

7. Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil

8. Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania

9. Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain

Abstract

Background: Strength training is a complex task, as it requires a combination of many variables. In paralympic powerlifting (PP) asymmetries for the evaluation of activation, and static force indicators have been increasingly studied. Objective: To investigate the asymmetries in the strength and muscle activation indicators, before and after a training session of PP athletes. Methodology: Twelve elite athletes from the PP participated in the study, and asymmetry was evaluated through surface electromyography (sEMG) and static strength indicators. Evaluations were made before and after a protocol of five series of five repetitions (5 × 5), with 80% of 1-Maximum Repetition (1RM). Results: In the pectoral muscles, there were differences in the non-dominant limbs between the before and after in the sEMG. There were differences in the pectoralis muscle in the non-dominant limb between moments before (110.75 ± 59.52%) and after (130.53 ± 98.48%, p < 0.001), and there was no difference in triceps activation. In the Maximum Isometric Strength (MIF), there was a difference in the non-dominant limb between before (710.36 ± 129.36) and after (620.27 ± 69.73; p < 0.030). There was a difference before in the dominant (626.89 ± 120.16; 95% CI 550.55–703.24) and non-dominant (710.36 ± 129.36; p = 0.011) limbs. There was no difference in time to MIF. Conclusion: PP athletes showed small levels of asymmetry before and after training, and adaptation to training tends to promote fewer asymmetries.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Applied Psychology,Clinical Psychology,Developmental and Educational Psychology

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