The Impact of Early-to-Moderate Stage Chronic Kidney Disease on Hospitalization Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Nationwide Analysis Using the National Inpatient Sample Database (2002–2019)

Abstract

Many patients with a hematologic malignancy have other pre-existing conditions at the time of consideration of an allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT). Among these, mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common comorbid condition that can potentially impact the rates of non-relapse mortality among transplant patients. While the risk of severe CKD on allo-HSCT is well recognized, there remains a paucity of data in terms of the impact of mild-to-moderate CKD on patient outcomes in this setting. Using data from the National Inpatient Sample database, we aimed to investigate the impact of mild-to-moderate CKD on hospitalization outcomes for patients undergoing an allo-HSCT. Multivariate analysis revealed that CKD patients had a 31% higher risk of all-cause mortality (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.01–1.70; p = 0.04) and a higher risk of other common hospitalization complications, including acute kidney injury, acute pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythmias, and septic shock. While this study has limitations, including its retrospective nature and lack of specific medication data, it underscores the importance of considering CKD as a significant risk factor in allo-HSCT outcomes.