Control of an Omnidirectional UAV for Transportation and Manipulation Tasks

Abstract

This paper presents a motion control scheme for a new concept of omnidirectional aerial vehicle for transportation and manipulation tasks. The considered aerial platform is a novel quadrotor with the capability of providing multi-directional thrust by adding an actuated gimbal mechanism in charge of modifying the orientation of the frame on which the four rotors are mounted. The above mechanical design, differently from other omnidirectional unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with tilted propellers, avoids internal forces and energy dissipation due to non-parallel propellers’ axes. The proposed motion controller is based on a hierarchical two-loop scheme. The external loop computes the force to be applied to the vehicle and the reference values for the additional joints, while the inner loop computes the joint torques and the moment to be applied to the multirotor. In order to make the system robust with respect to the external loads, a compensation of contact forces is introduced by exploiting the estimate provided by a momentum based observer. The stability of the motion control scheme is proven via Lyapunov arguments. Finally, two simulation case studies prove the capability of the omnidirectional UAV platform to track a 6-DoFs trajectory both in free motion and during a task involving grasping and transportation of an unknown object.