Affiliation:
1. Centro de Química e Departamento de Química, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
2. Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense 400, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
3. Department of Chemistry and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Abstract
Hydrogels are characterized by their property of absorbing and releasing a high content of water and water-based liquids; thus, they can be applied in agriculture as controlled-release water and fertilizer products. The focus of this research was efficient and low-cost natural polymer-based hydrogels obtained by crosslinking gellan gum (GGLA) and starch (ST) with acetic acid (CA) and loading them with either bentonite (BET) and/or halloysite (HAL). The hydrogels were obtained by mixing 100, 75, 50, 25, and 0 wt.% of GGLA with 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 wt.% ST water solutions. To obtain the networks, they were crosslinked with 10, 5, and 2 wt.% of CA and loaded with 2, 5, and 10 wt.% of BET and/or HAL. The samples were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), their swelling in water, and the state of bound water properties. The results of these analyses point to the formation of a polymeric network with a decomposition temperature of >250 °C, and tailorable swelling properties that vary between 3 and 77, depending on the hydrogel composition. In summary, GGLA-ST-BET/HAL hydrogels are a good option for eco-friendly agriculture materials.
Funder
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology
Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
FAPESP
Subject
Chemistry (miscellaneous),Analytical Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Molecular Medicine,Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science