Boosting the Biocontrol Efficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSBA-11 through Physical and Chemical Mutagens to Control Bacterial Wilt Disease of Tomato Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Abstract

Bacterial wilt disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), incited by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith), is a serious agricultural problem in India. In this investigation, chemical mutagenic agents (NTG and HNO2 treatment) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation have been used to enhance the antagonistic property of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSBA-11 against R. solanacearum UTT-25 towards an effective management of tomato wilt disease. The investigation established the fact that maximum inhibition to R. solanacearum UTT-25 was exerted by the derivative strain MHNO2-20 treated with nitrous acid (HNO2) and then by the derivative strain MNTG-21 treated with NTG. The exertion was significantly higher than that of the parent B. amyloliquefaciens DSBA-11. These two potential derivatives viz. MNTG-21, MHNO2-20 along with MUV-19, and a wild derivative strain of B. amyloliquefaciens i.e.,DSBA-11 were selected for GC/MS analysis. Through this analysis 18 major compounds were detected. Among the compounds thus detected, the compound 3-isobutyl hexahydropyrrolo (1,2), pyrazine-1,4-dione (4.67%) was at maximum proportion in the variant MHNO2-20 at higher retention time (RT) of 43.19 s. Bio-efficacy assessment observed a record of minimum intensity (9.28%) in wilt disease and the highest bio-control (88.75%) in derivative strain MHNO2-20-treated plants after 30 days of inoculation. The derivative strain MHNO2-20, developed by treating B. amyloliquefaciens with nitrous acid (HNO2), was therefore found to have a higher bio-efficacy to control bacterial wilt disease of tomato under glasshouse conditions than a wild-type strain.