Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E
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Published:2023-11-15
Issue:11
Volume:11
Page:2777
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ISSN:2076-2607
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Container-title:Microorganisms
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Microorganisms
Author:
Moatasim Yassmin1ORCID, Kutkat Omnia1, Osman Ahmed M.2ORCID, Gomaa Mokhtar R.1, Okda Faten34ORCID, El Sayes Mohamed1, Kamel Mina Nabil1, Gaballah Mohamed1, Mostafa Ahmed1ORCID, El-Shesheny Rabeh1, Kayali Ghazi5, Ali Mohamed A.1ORCID, Kandeil Ahmed1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt 2. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt 3. Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt 4. Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA 5. Human Link, Dubai 115738, United Arab Emirates
Abstract
Repurposing vitamins as antiviral supporting agents is a rapid approach used to control emerging viral infections. Although there is considerable evidence supporting the use of vitamin supplementation in viral infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the specific role of each vitamin in defending against coronaviruses remains unclear. Antiviral activities of available vitamins on the infectivity and replication of human coronaviruses, namely, SARS-CoV-2, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), were investigated using in silico and in vitro studies. We identified potential broad-spectrum inhibitor effects of Hydroxocobalamin and Methylcobalamin against the three tested CoVs. Cyanocobalamin could selectively affect SARS-CoV-2 but not MERS-CoV and HCoV-229E. Methylcobalamin showed significantly higher inhibition values on SARS-CoV-2 compared with Hydroxocobalamin and Cyanocobalamin, while Hydroxocobalamin showed the highest potent antiviral activity against MERS-CoV and Cyanocobalamin against HCoV-229E. Furthermore, in silico studies were performed for these promising vitamins to investigate their interaction with SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-229E viral-specific cell receptors (ACE2, DPP4, and hAPN protein, respectively) and viral proteins (S-RBD, 3CL pro, RdRp), suggesting that Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, and Cyanocobalamin may have significant binding affinity to these proteins. These results show that Methylcobalamin may have potential benefits for coronavirus-infected patients.
Funder
the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services NRC
Subject
Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology
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