Species Identification and Mycotoxigenic Potential of Aspergillus Section Flavi Isolated from Maize Marketed in the Metropolitan Region of Asunción, Paraguay-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Species Identification and Mycotoxigenic Potential of Aspergillus Section Flavi Isolated from Maize Marketed in the Metropolitan Region of Asunción, Paraguay

Published:2023-07-25 Issue:8 Volume:11 Page:1879
ISSN:2076-2607
Container-title:Microorganisms
language:en
Short-container-title:Microorganisms

Author:

Moura-Mendes Juliana¹^ORCID,Cazal-Martínez Cinthia C.¹²^ORCID,Rojas Cinthia¹²,Ferreira Francisco²^ORCID,Pérez-Estigarribia Pastor³⁴,Dias Nathalia⁵^ORCID,Godoy Patrício⁶,Costa Jéssica⁷,Santos Cledir⁸^ORCID,Arrua Andrea¹²^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centro Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111421, Paraguay

2. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111421, Paraguay

3. Facultad Politécnica, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111421, Paraguay

4. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Sudamericana, Pedro Juan Caballero 130112, Paraguay

5. BIOREN-UFRO Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile

6. Instituto de Microbiología Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile

7. Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-ICB, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 3000, Bloco 01, Manaus 69077-000, Brazil

8. Department of Chemical Science and Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile

Abstract

Zea mays var. amylacea and Zea mays var. indurata are maize ecotypes from Paraguay. Aspergillus section Flavi is the main spoilage fungus of maize under storage conditions. Due to its large intraspecific genetic variability, the accurate identification of this fungal taxonomic group is difficult. In the present study, potential mycotoxigenic strains of Aspergillus section Flavi isolated from Z. mays var. indurata and Z. mays var. amylacea that are marketed in the metropolitan region of Asunción were identified by a polyphasic approach. Based on morphological characters, 211 isolates were confirmed to belong to Aspergillus section Flavi. A subset of 92 strains was identified as Aspergillus flavus by mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF and the strains were classified by MALDI-TOF MS into chemotypes based on their aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid production. According to the partial sequencing of ITS and CaM genes, a representative subset of 38 A. flavus strains was confirmed. Overall, 75 A. flavus strains (86%) were characterized as producers of aflatoxins. The co-occurrence of at least two mycotoxins (AF/ZEA, FUM/ZEA, and AF/ZEA/FUM) was detected for five of the Z. mays samples (63%). Considering the high mycological bioburden and mycotoxin contamination, maize marketed in the metropolitan region of Asunción constitutes a potential risk to food safety and public health and requires control measures.

Funder

Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología—CONACYT

ANID

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology

Link

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/8/1879/pdf

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