Pharmaceuticals Promoting Premature Termination Codon Readthrough: Progress in Development

Author:

Li Shan1,Li Juan23,Shi Wenjing1,Nie Ziyan1,Zhang Shasha1,Ma Fengdie1,Hu Jun1,Chen Jianjun4,Li Peiqiang1,Xie Xiaodong1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

2. Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

3. Gansu Key Laboratory of Genetic Study of Hematopathy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

4. State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Abstract

Around 11% of all known gene lesions causing human genetic diseases are nonsense mutations that introduce a premature stop codon (PTC) into the protein-coding gene sequence. Drug-induced PTC readthrough is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating hereditary diseases caused by nonsense mutations. To date, it has been found that more than 50 small-molecular compounds can promote PTC readthrough, known as translational readthrough-inducing drugs (TRIDs), and can be divided into two major categories: aminoglycosides and non-aminoglycosides. This review summarizes the pharmacodynamics and clinical application potential of the main TRIDs discovered so far, especially some newly discovered TRIDs in the past decade. The discovery of these TRIDs brings hope for treating nonsense mutations in various genetic diseases. Further research is still needed to deeply understand the mechanism of eukaryotic cell termination and drug-induced PTC readthrough so that patients can achieve the greatest benefit from the various TRID treatments.

Funder

Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province

Gansu Association for Science and Technology

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Molecular Biology,Biochemistry

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