Advances in Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccines
Author:
Shichinohe Shintaro1,
Watanabe Tokiko123
Affiliation:
1. Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
2. Center for Infectious Disease and Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
3. Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS (CAMaD), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
Abstract
The numerous influenza infections that occur every year present a major public health problem. Influenza vaccines are important for the prevention of the disease; however, their effectiveness against infection can be suboptimal. Particularly in the elderly, immune induction can be insufficient, and the vaccine efficacy against infection is usually lower than that in young adults. Vaccine efficacy can be improved by the addition of adjuvants, and an influenza vaccine with an oil-in-water adjuvant MF59, FLUAD, has been recently licensed in the United States and other countries for persons aged 65 years and older. Although the adverse effects of adjuvanted vaccines have been a concern, many adverse effects of currently approved adjuvanted influenza vaccines are mild and acceptable, given the overriding benefits of the vaccine. Since sufficient immunity can be induced with a small amount of vaccine antigen in the presence of an adjuvant, adjuvanted vaccines promote dose sparing and the prompt preparation of vaccines for pandemic influenza. Adjuvants not only enhance the immune response to antigens but can also be effective against antigenically different viruses. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of influenza vaccines, both past and present, before presenting a discussion of adjuvanted influenza vaccines and their future.
Funder
JSPS KAKENHI Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
AMED Research Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases
AMED
AMED Advanced Research and Development Programs for Medical Innovation
Tokyo Biochemical Research Foundation
Takeda Science Foundation
Daiichi Sankyo Foundation of Life Science
Subject
Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,Immunology
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