Trends in Vaccine Completeness in Children Aged 0–23 Months in Cape Town, South Africa

Abstract

Background: We have previously determined that the occurrence of missed vaccination opportunities in children in Cape Town, South Africa, is shaped by both individual and contextual factors. These factors present valuable openings for enhancing quality and implementing broader strategies to enhance the delivery of routine Immunisation services. Methods: Here, we are further reporting regional-level data on the coverage and factors influencing vaccination completion within a similar study population, based on extensive data analysis from the 2016 South African Demographic and Health Survey. Results and discussion: The study reveals commendable vaccination coverage for most vaccines within recommended schedules, with high rates of initial vaccinations at birth and during the primary vaccination schedule. However, there are notable areas for improvement, particularly in ensuring complete coverage for the second measles vaccine and the 18-month vaccine. Socio-demographic factors also play a role, with maternal education and caregiver awareness campaigns showing the potential to positively influence vaccination completeness. This study emphasises the importance of timely vaccinations during the early months of life and underscores the need for interventions to maintain coverage as children age. Specific sub-districts, such as Tygerberg, may require targeted efforts to enhance vaccination completeness. Additionally, assessing caregiver knowledge about child vaccination is deemed vital, as it can impact vaccination decisions and adherence. Conclusions: The findings provide valuable insights for public health interventions in Cape Town, aimed at reducing the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases and ensuring the health of the region’s youngest population.