Doxorubicin—An Agent with Multiple Mechanisms of Anticancer Activity

Author:

Kciuk Mateusz12ORCID,Gielecińska Adrianna12ORCID,Mujwar Somdutt3ORCID,Kołat Damian4ORCID,Kałuzińska-Kołat Żaneta4ORCID,Celik Ismail5ORCID,Kontek Renata1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland

2. Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland

3. Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India

4. Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland

5. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey

Abstract

Doxorubicin (DOX) constitutes the major constituent of anti-cancer treatment regimens currently in clinical use. However, the precise mechanisms of DOX’s action are not fully understood. Emerging evidence points to the pleiotropic anticancer activity of DOX, including its contribution to DNA damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, senescence, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis induction, as well as its immunomodulatory role. This review aims to collect information on the anticancer mechanisms of DOX as well as its influence on anti-tumor immune response, providing a rationale behind the importance of DOX in modern cancer therapy.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

Reference278 articles.

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