Assessment of Different Humate Ureas on Soil Mineral N Balanced Supply
Author:
Bai Shengjun12, Xu Lingying23ORCID, Ren Rongkui4, Luo Yue2, Liu Xiaoqi2, Guo Jingli4, Zhao Xu23, Zhang Wentai1
Affiliation:
1. College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China 4. Henan Xinlianxin Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd., Xinxiang 453731, China
Abstract
Urea supplements, such as humic acids, could enhance fertilizer nitrogen use effectiveness. Melting is superior to mixing for humate urea application; however, the effects of diverse humate ureas from various coal sources on soil N supply remain unclear. This study compared the properties of two humic acids from different coal sources (HA1, weathered coal; HA2, lignite coal), and their impact on soil mineral N supply and the nitrate–ammonium ratio under flooded and 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS) over a 14-day incubation. Humate ureas stimulated soil mineral N accumulation and balanced the soil nitrate–ammonium ratio at 1:1; however, no significant difference existed between the two humate ureas under 60% WFPS. Humate urea enhanced soil ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) retention and delayed nitrate nitrogen (NH4−-N) release, leading to soil mineral N retention, especially in lignite humic acid urea (H2AU) treatments from lignite under flooding. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and linear regression revealed that humic acids elevated soil redox potential (Eh) and electrical conductivity (EC), stimulating soil N mineralization and adjusting the optimal nitrate–ammonium ratio. Humate urea improved soil mineral N supply compared to traditional urea treatments, and humic acids from lignite were more beneficial for crop cultivation from a mineral soil N supply perspective. These findings enhance our understanding of humate urea benefits and aid in optimizing humic acids application for N management.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China Jiangsu Province Carbon Peak Carbon Neutral Technology Innovation Fund Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF Xinlianxin Academician Research Foundation
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