Combined Dopamine and Grape Seed Extract-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Nasal Mucosa Permeation, and Uptake by Olfactory Ensheathing Cells and Neuronal SH-SY5Y Cells

Author:

Trapani Adriana1,Castellani Stefano2,Guerra Lorenzo3ORCID,De Giglio Elvira4ORCID,Fracchiolla Giuseppe1ORCID,Corbo Filomena1ORCID,Cioffi Nicola4ORCID,Passantino Giuseppe5ORCID,Poeta Maria Luana3,Montemurro Pasqualina2,Mallamaci Rosanna3ORCID,Cardone Rosa Angela3ORCID,Conese Massimo6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy

2. Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy

3. Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy

4. Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy

5. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy

6. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy

Abstract

We have already formulated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in which the combination of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) and the antioxidant grape-seed-derived proanthocyanidins (grape seed extract, GSE) was supposed to be favorable for Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment. In fact, GSE supply would reduce the PD-related oxidative stress in a synergic effect with DA. Herein, two different methods of DA/GSE loading were studied, namely, coadministration in the aqueous phase of DA and GSE, and the other approach consisting of a physical adsorption of GSE onto preformed DA containing SLNs. Mean diameter of DA coencapsulating GSE SLNs was 187 ± 4 nm vs. 287 ± 15 nm of GSE adsorbing DA-SLNs. TEM microphotographs evidenced low-contrast spheroidal particles, irrespective of the SLN type. Moreover, Franz diffusion cell experiments confirmed the permeation of DA from both SLNs through the porcine nasal mucosa. Furthermore, fluorescent SLNs also underwent cell-uptake studies by using flow cytometry in olfactory ensheathing cells and neuronal SH-SY5Y cells, evidencing higher uptake when GSE was coencapsulated rather than adsorbed onto the particles.

Funder

University of Bari-Aldo Moro

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmaceutical Science

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