Revolutionizing Biomass Processing: The Design and Functionality of an Innovative Extruder for Sugarcane Bagasse Milling Pretreatment

Abstract

Milling pretreatment is a crucial step in the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass such sugarcane bagasse because it facilitates access to cellulose for subsequent chemical treatments. However, most experiments have been conducted at the laboratory scale, where it has been identified that high energy is required for the processing of biomass. For this reason, it is proposed to implement the screw extruder technique for the processing of cellulose. This article focuses on the characteristics, types, and applications of milling pretreatment for sugarcane bagasse, with a particular emphasis on its role in lignin removal and the milling design. Milling pretreatment reduces the particle size of lignocellulose biomass through compression shear and tearing mechanisms, which enhances the accessibility of cellulose and hemicellulose to enzymes and chemicals, thereby improving the efficiency of bioconversion processes. Innovative mathematical modeling, a mechanical design in a CAD application, and an FEA analysis of the milling pretreatment equipment are presented, providing insights into the design and optimization of milling pretreatment processes. This article presents an innovative potential system for milling pretreatment in sugarcane bagasse for the production of bioethanol, heat and power, and other value-added products, contributing to a more sustainable and circular economy.