miRNA Studies in Glaucoma: A Comprehensive Review of Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
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Published:2023-09-28
Issue:19
Volume:24
Page:14699
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Dobrzycka Margarita1, Sulewska Anetta2ORCID, Biecek Przemyslaw3, Charkiewicz Radoslaw45, Karabowicz Piotr5, Charkiewicz Angelika2ORCID, Golaszewska Kinga1ORCID, Milewska Patrycja5, Michalska-Falkowska Anna5, Nowak Karolina6, Niklinski Jacek2, Konopińska Joanna1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland 2. Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland 3. Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland 4. Center of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-369 Bialystok, Poland 5. Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland 6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Abstract
Glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to irreversible blindness, remains a challenge because of its complex nature. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression and are associated with glaucoma and other diseases. We aimed to review and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of miRNA-focused molecular studies in glaucoma through discussing their potential as biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis; offering insights into molecular pathways and mechanisms; and discussing their potential utility with respect to personalized medicine, their therapeutic potential, and non-invasive monitoring. Limitations, such as variability, small sample sizes, sample specificity, and limited accessibility to ocular tissues, are also addressed, underscoring the need for robust protocols and collaboration. Reproducibility and validation are crucial to establish the credibility of miRNA research findings, and the integration of bioinformatics tools for miRNA database creation is a valuable component of a comprehensive approach to investigate miRNA aberrations in patients with glaucoma. Overall, miRNA research in glaucoma has provided significant insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disease, offering potential biomarkers, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic targets. However, addressing challenges such as variability and limited tissue accessibility is essential, and further investigations and validation will contribute to a deeper understanding of the functional significance of miRNAs in glaucoma.
Funder
Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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