Perplexing Polyphenolics: The Isolations, Syntheses, Reappraisals, and Bioactivities of Flavonoids, Isoflavonoids, and Neoflavonoids from 2016 to 2022
Author:
Umer Syed Muhammad1, Shamim Shahbaz2, Khan Khalid Mohammed23, Saleem Rahman Shah Zaib1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBASSE, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Sector-U, DHA, Lahore 54792, Pakistan 2. H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan 3. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam P.O. Box 31441, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Flavonoids, isoflavonoids, neoflavonoids, and their various subcategories are polyphenolics–an extensive class of natural products. These compounds are bioactive and display multiple activities, including anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities. Thus, these compounds can serve as leads for therapeutic agents or targets for complex synthesis; they are coveted and routinely isolated, characterized, biologically evaluated, and synthesized. However, data regarding the compounds’ sources, isolation procedures, structural novelties, bioactivities, and synthetic schemes are often dispersed and complex, a dilemma this review aims to address. To serve as an easily accessible guide for researchers wanting to apprise themselves of the latest advancements in this subfield, this review summarizes seventy-six (76) articles published between 2016 and 2022 that detail the isolation and characterization of two hundred and forty-nine (249) novel compounds, the total and semisyntheses of thirteen (13) compounds, and reappraisals of the structures of twenty (20) previously reported compounds and their bioactivities. This article also discusses new synthetic methods and enzymes capable of producing or modifying flavonoids, isoflavonoids, or neoflavonoids.
Funder
Sindh Higher Education Commission (SHEC), Pakistan
Subject
Paleontology,Space and Planetary Science,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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