Measurement of Sulfur-Dioxide Emissions from Ocean-Going Vessels in Belgium Using Novel Techniques

Author:

Van Roy WardORCID,Van Nieuwenhove Annelore,Scheldeman Kobe,Van Roozendael Benjamin,Schallier Ronny,Mellqvist Johan,Maes Frank

Abstract

Air pollutants emitted by ocean-going vessels (OGVs) cause numerous environmental and human health problems. In 2016, the Belgian Coastguard aircraft was equipped with a sniffer sensor to monitor compliance with MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14. However, the sensor was susceptible to NO and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), which had a negative impact on the measurement uncertainty. The elimination of measurement errors was achieved by modifying the sensor, including among others the addition of a NOx sensor and a custom-designed hydrocarbon kicker. This resulted in a substantial improvement in the measurement quality and uncertainty of the derived Fuel Sulfur Content (FSC). As a direct result of this, the reporting thresholds for non-compliance drastically improved. The data analysis of sampled OGVs showed that compliance levels notably improved between 2019 and 2020 (from 95.9% to 97.3%), coinciding with the implementation of the Global Sulfur Cap. Findings in this study have also demonstrated that OGVs equipped with emission abatement technology (scrubbers) are more susceptible to non-compliance with Regulation 14 of MARPOL Annex VI. Given these results, this article provides an answer to the question of how to monitor effective implementation of NO emissions from OGVs.

Funder

Connecting Europe Facility

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Atmospheric Science,Environmental Science (miscellaneous)

Reference45 articles.

1. MARPOL Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships of 1978, 1978.

2. Amendments to the Annex of the Protocol of 1997 to Amend the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as Modified by the Protocol of 1978 Relating Thereto (Revised MARPOL Annex VI), 2008.

3. Directive (EU) 2016/802 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 relating to a reduction in the sulphur content of certain liquid fuels. Off. J. Eur. Union L, 2016. 132.

4. Wet Tot Invoering Van Het Belgisch Scheepvaartwetboek. Belgisch Staatsblad, 2019.

5. Airborne monitoring of compliance to sulfur emission regulations by ocean-going vessels in the Belgian North Sea area;Van Roy;Atmos. Pollut. Res.,2022

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