Affiliation:
1. Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
2. Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated in-stent restenosis (ISR) predictors in first-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs), but only a few have investigated second-generation DESs. We aimed to investigate the ISR predictors following a successful DES implantation in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted. Diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.83; p < 0.01), family history of CAD (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.55; p 0.03), and smoking (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.48; p 0.03) were the strong predictors for the DES-ISR. The DES-ISR was more common in DESs with smaller stent diameter (MD −0.12; 95% CI −0.16 to −0.08; p < 0.01) and longer stent length (MD 2.24; 95% CI 1.36 to 3.13; p < 0.01). Angiography characteristics, including multi-vessel disease (MVD) (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.97; p 0.02), type B2/C lesions (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.30; p 0.02), and type C lesion (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.62; p < 0.01), were also associated with DES-ISR. We confirmed that DM, family history of CAD, smoking, MVD, smaller stent diameter, longer stent length, and type B2 or C lesions were proven to be ISR predictors following DES implantation.