Valorisation of “La Palma” Volcanic Ash for Making Portland-Blended, Alkaline and Hybrid Portland–Alkaline Cements

Author:

Martín-Rodríguez Pablo12,Fernández-Jiménez Ana1ORCID,Alonso María del Mar1ORCID,Palomo Angel1,García-Lodeiro Inés1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Instituto Eduardo Torroja (IEtcc), CSIC, C/Serrano Galvache 4, 28033 Madrid, Spain

2. Campus de Leganés, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda. Universidad, 30, 28911 Madrid, Spain

Abstract

The present work evaluates the feasibility of using volcanic fly ash (VFA) generated by the eruption of the Tajogaite volcano on the island of La Palma (Spain) in 2021, as a precursor in the preparation of cementitious materials with different Portland cement (PC) replacement levels (0%, 30%, 70% and 100%), in the absence (Blended Cement, BC) and presence of an alkaline activator (Hybrid Alkaline Cement, HAC, and Alkaline Cements, AC). Hydration kinetics (isothermal conduction calorimetry), paste mechanical strengths and reaction products were characterised by XRD, FTIR, TG/DTG and BSEM/EDX. The results obtained indicate that the strengths developed by the hybrid alkaline cements (HAC) are higher than those of the blended cements (BC), especially at the age of 2 days, where 25 MPa were obtained with the replacement of 70% PC by VFA. Alkaline cements (AC, 100% VFA) that were prepared with 8 M NaOH solution as the activator reached 40 MPa after 2 days. It was observed that in all the binders, depending on the initial composition of the binder mixture and the percentage of replacement and/or activator, VFA reacts to form cementitious gels, C-A-S-H and N-A-S-H type, which supports its use as a mineral addition to blended cement or as a precursor in the preparation of alkaline and hybrid alkaline cements.

Funder

Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation

Spanish National Research Agency

FEDER

MICIM

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference55 articles.

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