Impact of Nitric Oxide on the Surface Properties of Selected Polymers

Abstract

The change in the surface properties of polymer materials used in an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) device due to nitric oxide (NO) treatment was characterized by zeta-potential and dynamic contact-angle measurements. FTIR-ATR was used to determine the stability of these effects during liquid contact. Polymethyl pentene (PMP), methyl methacrylate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (MABS), and polyurethane (PU) were investigated. The polymer materials were treated with NO (1000 ppm) for 17 h. The samples for FTIR-ATR measurements were submerged in water or physiological sodium chloride solution for 120 and 240 h after the end of the gas treatment. PMP showed no changes at all. MABS showed decreased contact-angles and increased contact-angle hysteresis. In contrast, PU showed decreased contact-angles and a shift in its zeta-potential curve, indicating a more hydrophilic and acidic surface. The FTIR-ATR measurements showed a slight decrease in the signal intensities after liquid contact. The results indicated an improvement in the liquid contact properties of MABS and the PU due to increased surface hydrophilicity caused mainly by the adsorbed nitric acid (HNO3) molecules formed by the NO treatment. The results presented in this paper point towards a simple and complication-free method of introducing NO into an ECMO circuit.