1. Department of Public Health, Policy & Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, UK
2. National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK
3. Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK
4. Department of Health Data Science, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, UK
5. Real-Time Syndromic Surveillance Team, Field Services, Health Protection Operations, UK Health Security Agency, Birmingham B2 4BH, UK