Autophagy Induction by Scutellaria Flavones in Cancer: Recent Advances

Author:

Tuli Hardeep Singh1ORCID,Bhushan Sakshi2,Kumar Ajay3,Aggarwal Poonam4,Sak Katrin5ORCID,Ramniwas Seema6ORCID,Vashishth Kanupriya7,Behl Tapan8,Rana Rashmi9ORCID,Haque Shafiul101112ORCID,Prieto Miguel A.13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India

2. Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Samba 181143, India

3. Punjab Biotechnology Incubator (P.B.T.I.), Phase VIII, Mohali 160071, India

4. The Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, 20892 MD, USA

5. NGO Praeventio, 50407 Tartu, Estonia

6. University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India

7. Advance Cardiac Centre Department of Cardiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Rsearch (P.G.I.M.E.R.), Chandigarh 160012, India

8. Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences & Technology (SoHST), University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, India

9. Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 122016, India

10. Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia

11. Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon

12. Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates

13. Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain

Abstract

In parallel with a steady rise in cancer incidence worldwide, the scientific community is increasingly focused on finding novel, safer and more efficient modalities for managing this disease. Over the past decades, natural products have been described as a significant source of new structural leads for novel drug candidates. Scutellaria root is one of the most studied natural products because of its anticancer potential. Besides just describing the cytotoxic properties of plant constituents, their molecular mechanisms of action in different cancer types are equally important. Therefore, this review article focuses on the role of the Scutellaria flavones wogonin, baicalein, baicalin, scutellarein and scutellarin in regulating the autophagic machinery in diverse cancer models, highlighting these molecules as potential lead compounds for the fight against malignant neoplasms. The knowledge that autophagy can function as a dual-edged sword, acting in both a pro- and antitumorigenic manner, further complicates the issue, revealing an amazing property of flavonoids that behave either as anti- or proautophagic agents.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science,Molecular Medicine

Reference165 articles.

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