Association between Plasma HLA-DR+ Placental Vesicles and Preeclampsia: A Pilot Longitudinal Cohort Study

Author:

Onori Marianna1,Franco Rita1,Lucchetti Donatella1,Tartaglia Silvio2,Buongiorno Silvia2,Beneduce Giuliana1,Sannino Fabio1,Baroni Silvia12ORCID,Urbani Andrea12,Lanzone Antonio12,Scambia Giovanni12,Di Simone Nicoletta34ORCID,Tersigni Chiara2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F.Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy

2. Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A.Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy

3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Milan, Italy

4. IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy

Abstract

(1) Background: Preeclampsia (PE) usually presents with hypertension and proteinuria, related to poor placentation. Reduced maternal–fetal immunological tolerance is a possible trigger of inadequate placentation. Aberrant antigen expression of HLA-DR has been observed in the syncytiotrophoblast of PE patients. In this study, we analyzed plasma levels of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-DR+ syncytiotrophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles (STEVs) during the three trimesters of pregnancy in relation to PE onset. (2) Methods: Pregnant women underwent venous blood sampling during the three trimesters. STEVs were collected from plasma via ultracentrifugation (120,000 g) and characterized by Western blot, nanotracking analysis and flow cytometry for the expression of Placental Alkaline Phosphatase (PLAP), a placental-derived marker, and HLA-DR. (3) Results: Out of 107 women recruited, 10 developed PE. STEVs were detected in all three trimesters of pregnancy with a zenith in the second trimester. A significant difference was found between the non-PE and PE groups in terms of plasma levels of HLA-DR+ STEVs during all three trimesters of pregnancy. (4) Conclusions: More research is needed to investigate HLA-DR+ as a potential early marker of PE.

Funder

Italian Ministry of Health

Publisher

MDPI AG

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