Aging of Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System of the Face—Novel Biomarkers and Micro-CT Relevance of Facial Anti-Gravity Support

Author:

Hînganu Marius Valeriu1,Cucu Ramona Paula2,Costan Victor-Vlad2,Lozneanu Ludmila1ORCID,Tamaș Camelia3,Calistru Anca Elena4,Hristian Liliana5,Hînganu Delia1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania

2. Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania

3. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania

4. Department of Pedotechnics, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, 700490 Iasi, Romania

5. Department of Engineering and Design of Textile Products, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, 700050 Iasi, Romania

Abstract

The soft superficial tissues of the face are against gravity through an intricate network of ligaments and ligamentous attachments. The aim of this investigation is to delineate the relationship between the muscular, fibrous, and vascular components of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system of the face (SMAS) at the level of its periosteal fixation areas from advanced radiological and novel biomarkers’ perspectives. These areas represent key points underlying skin aging and the longevity of restorative surgery results. Methods: This study was carried out on 37 surgical specimens, excised from patients admitted for surgery. On the excised specimens, we used special immunohistochemical techniques, such as markers for collagen type III, angiogenesis, vascular endothelium (I-CAM2) and muscle fibers (MYH2). We performed a micro-CT evaluation of these 37 specimens. Results: The results of this study showed different radiologic and IHC characteristics of the means of periosteal fixation of the SMAS. Evidence of morphohistological and radiological peculiarities of the retaining ligaments highlights new data for future functional studies of these structures. Our research must be continued with larger groups of subjects and through detailed methodological studies of vascular microperfusion and could represent an important new step in biotissue engineering and the customization of surgical techniques involving the sub-SMAS layers.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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