Quantitative Microvascular Change Analysis Using a Semi-Automated Algorithm in Macula-on Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Assessed by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Author:

Díaz-Aljaro Pablo12ORCID,Valldeperas Xavier12ORCID,Broc-Iturralde Laura1ORCID,Romanic-Bubalo Nevena1,Díaz-Aljaro Ignacio3,Chu Zhongdi4,Wang Ruikang K.4,Zarranz-Ventura Javier5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain

2. Department of Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain

3. Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380456, Chile

4. Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA

5. Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to objectively evaluate the longitudinal changes observed in the retinal capillaries in eyes with macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), assessed with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and to assess the role of these microvascular measures as potential biomarkers of postoperative visual outcomes. Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal study conducted on consecutive patients who underwent 25 G pars plana vitrectomy for primary RRD. The vessel area density (VAD), vessel skeleton density (VSD), and vessel diameter index (VDI) were assessed in the superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses. Results: Twenty-three eyes with macula-on RRD were included in the study. The mean preoperative VDI, VAD, and VSD of the RRD eye were 18.6 ± 1.1, 0.43 ± 0.02, and 0.17 ± 0.01 in the SCP; and 18.6 ± 0.6, 0.38 ± 0.03, and 0.15 ± 0.01 in the DCP, respectively. At month 6, eight (34.8%) eyes achieved a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) gain ≥ 0.1 LogMAR. A preoperative VDI > 17.80, VSD > 0.170, and VDI-change > −0.395 in the SCP; and VDI > 18.11 and VDI change > −0.039 in the DCP were predictors of achieving a BCVA-gain ≥ 0.1 LogMAR. Conclusions: The preoperative VDI in SCP and DCP, the preoperative VSD in SCP, and their changes from preoperative values were predictors of visual outcomes. A quantitative OCTA analysis of capillary density and morphology may represent a potential predictive tool for surgical outcomes in RRD. The results reported in this study suggest that OCTA is a useful ancillary test for clinical disease management.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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