Diagnostic Predictors of Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Published:2023-02-23
Issue:5
Volume:13
Page:862
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ISSN:2075-4418
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Container-title:Diagnostics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Diagnostics
Author:
Meliante Piero Giuseppe1ORCID, Zoccali Federica1ORCID, de Vincentiis Marco1, Ralli Massimo1ORCID, Petrella Carla2ORCID, Fiore Marco2ORCID, Minni Antonio13, Barbato Christian2ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Roma, Italy 2. Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Roma, Italy 3. Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ospedale San Camillo de Lellis, ASL Rieti-Sapienza University, Viale Kennedy, 02100 Rieti, Italy
Abstract
Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) binds PD-1 on CD8+ lymphocytes, inhibiting their cytotoxic action. Its aberrant expression by head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells leads to immune escape. Pembrolizumab and nivolumab, two humanized monoclonal antibodies against PD-1, have been approved in HNSCC treatment, but ~60% of patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC fail to respond to immunotherapy and only 20 to 30% of treated patients have long-term benefits. The purpose of this review is to analyze all the fragmentary evidence present in the literature to identify what future diagnostic markers could be useful for predicting, together with PD-L1 CPS, the response to immunotherapy and its durability. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials and we summarize the evidence collected in this review. We confirmed that PD-L1 CPS is a predictor of response to immunotherapy, but it should be measured across multiple biopsies and repeatedly over time. PD-L2, IFN-γ, EGFR, VEGF, TGF–β, TMB, blood TMB, CD73, TILs, alternative splicing, tumor microenvironment, and some macroscopic and radiological features are promising predictors worthy of further studies. Studies comparing predictors appear to give greater potency to TMB and CXCR9.
Funder
Translational Biomedicine: Multiorgan Pathology and Therapy
Subject
Clinical Biochemistry
Reference80 articles.
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Cited by
3 articles.
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