Prognostic Potential of Cyclin D1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Cyclin D1 is mainly known as an oncogenic driver in cancers, and the dysregulated cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 axis is considered an attractive target for cancer therapy. Recent studies have reported that tumors respond to therapeutic interventions targeting altered cyclin D1 expression via application of the CDK4/6 inhibitor. However, the prognostic and therapeutic contributions of cyclin D1 to colorectal cancer (CRC) remain controversial. Herein, we assessed the associations between cyclin D1 expression and clinicopathological factors, including patients’ overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), in 495 surgically resected primary CRCs. We also examined previous studies for cyclin D1 in CRCs. High expressions of cyclin D1 (cyclin D1High) was observed in 389 CRC cases (78.6%). Cyclin D1High consistently predicted better patient OS and RFS in CRCs. Based on multivariate analysis, cyclin D1High and young age of patients remained as independent prognosticators of higher OS rate, whereas cyclin D1High, females, chemotherapy, absence of nodal metastasis, and lower T-category remained as independent prognosticators of better RFS. Cyclin D1 is commonly overexpressed in CRCs, and its expression can be used as a favorable prognostic indicator in patients with CRCs; this may be important for predicting responses to subsequent CDK4/6 inhibitors.