Preserving Ethnoveterinary Medicine (EVM) along the Transhumance Routes in Southwestern Angola: Synergies between International Cooperation and Academic Research

Author:

Solazzo David12,Moretti Maria Vittoria2,Tchamba José J.3,Rafael Marina Filomena Francisco3,Tonini Matteo12,Fico Gelsomina4ORCID,Basterrecea Txaran1,Levi Silvano5,Marini Lorenzo2ORCID,Bruschi Piero2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. FAO Angola Country Office, Largo Antonio Jacinto, 4° Andar, Luanda Caixa Postal 10043, Angola

2. Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI), Università di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy

3. Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade e Educação Ambiental, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação da Huíla (ISCED-Huíla), Rua Sarmeto Rodrigues, Lubango Caixa Postal 230, Angola

4. Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy

5. Instituto Superior Poletécnico Sinodal de Lubango, Rua cdt Hoji ya Henda, Lubango, Angola

Abstract

This study delves into the ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM) practiced by pastoralists along the transhumance routes in southwestern Angola. Within the framework of three cooperation projects, we conducted 434 interviews, collecting information on 89 taxa used for treating 16 livestock diseases. The most cited species was Ptaeroxylon obliquum (132 citations), followed by Salvadora persica (59) and Elaeodendron transvaalense (49). Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) was the disease most cited (223 citations; 44 species), followed by wounds (95; 20) and Newcastle (86; 14). We found that 30 species and 48 uses have not been previously reported in the ethnoveterinary literature. Jaccard index (mean value = 0.13) showed a greatly diversified knowledge among the ethnic groups: Kuvale and Nyaneka were the most knowledgeable and should be included in the various strategies for disseminating EVM in the area. Most informants recognized that abundance of some species decreased in the last years as a result of human activities and climatic changes. Finally, we discuss challenges in preserving the EVM in the area. Our findings suggest that preservation of the EVM in southwestern Angola is widely impacted by the access to biomedicine. Future studies should investigate the opportunity to integrate traditional medicine into mainstream development projects, which is crucial for decolonizing the veterinary sector in Angola.

Funder

USAID

Global Environment Fund

EU

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference139 articles.

1. “Traditional” and “Modern” Patterns of Cattle Raising in Southwestern Angola: A Critical Evaluation of Change from Pastoralism to Ranching;J. Dev. Areas,1974

2. Huntley, B.J. (2023). Ecology of Angola: Terrestrial Biomes and Ecoregions, Springer Nature.

3. Jenet, A., Buono, N., Di Lello, S., Gomarasca, M., Heine, C., Mason, S., Nori, M., Saavedra, R., and Van Troos, K. (2016). The Path to Greener Pastures: Pastoralism, the Backbone of the World’s Drylands. SSRN Electron. J., 1–105.

4. Shaw, T., Sinclair, P., Andah, B., and Okpoko, A. (1993). The Archaeology of Africa: The Archaeology of Africa: Foods, Metals and Towns, Routledge.

5. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) (2022). Angola: Drought—Operation Update Report, IFRC.

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