Phytochemicals and Their Usefulness in the Maintenance of Health

Author:

Rodríguez-Negrete Elda Victoria12,Morales-González Ángel3ORCID,Madrigal-Santillán Eduardo Osiris2ORCID,Sánchez-Reyes Karina4,Álvarez-González Isela5ORCID,Madrigal-Bujaidar Eduardo5,Valadez-Vega Carmen6ORCID,Chamorro-Cevallos German7ORCID,Garcia-Melo Luis Fernando8,Morales-González José A.2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City 06720, Mexico

2. Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City C.P. 11340, Mexico

3. Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional ”A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico

4. Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City 06720, Mexico

5. Laboratorio de Genética, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07738, Mexico

6. Área Académica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42080, Mexico

7. Laboratorio de Toxicología Preclínica, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City C.P. 07738, Mexico

8. Laboratorio de Nanotecnología e Ingeniería Molecular, Área Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, CBI, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico

Abstract

Inflammation is the immune system’s first biological response to infection, injury, or irritation. Evidence suggests that the anti-inflammatory effect is mediated by the regulation of various inflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor alpha-α, interferon gamma-γ, as well as the non-cytokine mediator, prostaglandin E2. Currently, the mechanism of action and clinical usefulness of phytochemicals is known; their action on the activity of cytokines, free radicals, and oxidative stress. The latter are of great relevance in the development of diseases, such that the evidence collected demonstrates the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in maintaining health. Epidemiological evidence indicates that regular consumption of fruits and vegetables is related to a low risk of developing cancer and other chronic diseases.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference152 articles.

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