Blood-Derived Systemic Inflammation Markers and Risk of Nodal Failure in Stage Ia Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicentric Study

Abstract

Background: Unexpected spread to regional lymph nodes can be found in up to 10% of patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), thereby affecting both prognosis and treatment. Given the known relation between systemic inflammation and tumor progression, we sought to evaluate whether blood-derived systemic inflammation markers might help to the predict nodal outcome in patients with stage Ia NSCLC. Methods: Preoperative levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammation score (SII, platelets × NLR) were collected from 368 patients who underwent curative lung resection for NSCLC. After categorization, inflammatory markers were subjected to logistic regression and time-event analysis in order to find associations with occult nodal spread and postoperative nodal recurrence. Results: No inflammation marker was associated with the risk of occult nodal spread. SII showed a marginal effect on early nodal recurrence at a quasi-significant level (p = 0.065). However, patients with T1c tumors and elevated PLR and/or SII had significantly shorter times to nodal recurrence compared to T1a/T1b patients (p = 0.001), while patients with T1c and normal PLR/SII did not (p = 0.128). Conclusions: blood-derived inflammation markers had no value in the preoperative prediction of nodal status. Nevertheless, our results might suggest a modulating effect of platelet-derived inflammation markers on nodal progression after the resection of tumors larger than 2 cm.