Cofactor Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Aerobic L-Malate Production with Lower CO2 Emissions

Author:

Jiang Zhiming1,Jiang Youming1,Wu Hao1,Zhang Wenming1,Xin Fengxue1ORCID,Ma Jiangfeng1,Jiang Min1

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China

Abstract

Escherichia coli has been engineered for L-malate production via aerobic cultivation. However, the maximum yield obtained through this mode is inferior to that of anaerobic fermentation due to massive amounts of CO2 emissions. Here, we aim to address this issue by reducing CO2 emissions of recombinant E. coli during aerobic L-malate production. Our findings indicated that NADH oxidation and ATP-synthesis-related genes were down-regulated with 2 g/L of YE during aerobic cultivations of E. coli E23, as compared to 5 g/L of YE. Then, E23 was engineered via the knockout of nuoA and the introduction of the nonoxidative glycolysis (NOG) pathway, resulting in a reduction of NAD+ and ATP supplies. The results demonstrate that E23 (ΔnuoA, NOG) exhibited decreased CO2 emissions, and it produced 21.3 g/L of L-malate from glucose aerobically with the improved yield of 0.43 g/g. This study suggests that a restricted NAD+ and ATP supply can prompt E. coli to engage in incomplete oxidization of glucose, leading to the accumulation of metabolites instead of utilizing them in cellular respiration.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key R&D Program of China

Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture of China

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Bioengineering

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